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Index
[ Symbols ],
[ Numbers ],
[ A ],
[ B ],
[ C ],
[ D ],
[ E ],
[ F ],
[ G ],
[ H ],
[ I ],
[ J ],
[ K ],
[ L ],
[ M ],
[ N ],
[ O ],
[ P ],
[ Q ],
[ R ],
[ S ],
[ T ],
[ U ],
[ V ],
[ W ],
[ X ],
[ Y ],
[ Z ],
Symbols[ Top ]
^ (caret), 70
,v (comma v) suffix, 320
$origin directive, 512
Numbers[ Top ]
3D acceleration hardware, 262-265
enabling with XFree87/DRI, 262-264
troubleshooting, 264
A[ Top ]
accounts, disabling, 112
addgroup command, 104, 116
adduser command, 104, 107
performance in scripts, 107
system users, creating with, 115
AGP (accelerated graphics port), 258
video cards, 256
agpgart module, 264
Alt-Fn keyboard commands, 258
amavisd.conf file, 407, 408
amavisd-new, 406
setting up SpamAssasin on Postfix, 410
with Clam Anti-Virus on Postfix, 406-410
AMD processor performance ratings, 64
anycast, 489
Apache web servers, 415-446
access logs, viewing with Webalizer, 444-446
ApacheToolbox, 423
Basic and Digest user authentication, 433
blocking obnoxious visitors, 437
directory indexes, preventing truncation, 439
documentation, 424
for packages, 425
DSO (Dynamic Shared Objects), 417
server configuration for, 420
error pages, 438
file permissions and ownership, setting, 423
httpd binaries, 423
hosting multiple domains, 428-430
domains and VirtualHost directives, 429
hosting options, 417
individual user web directories, 427
init script for, 428
installing 2.0 from source, 419-422
configuration, 421
default installation directories, 421
installing, source versus packages, 417
LAN web sites, isolating from the Internet, 432
deny/allow access rules, 432
logfiles for virtual hosts, 430
MPMs, Linux, 416
MPMs, non-Linux, 417
multi-language page delivery via content negotiation, 440-443
Content-language directives, 441
type map files, 440
new modules, adding, 422
password-protecting individual directories, 433-435
Apache web servers (continued )
redirecting URLs to new directories, 426
simple public web servers, setting up, 425
starting at boot, 428
supported operating systems, 415
user's manual, local access of, 424
using favicons, 443
versions, 415
1.3 and 2.0 compared, 416
VirtualHost directives, 429-432
web crawler control with robots.txt, 436-437
apachectl, 426, 428
apropos, 4
apt-cdrom command, 37
apt-get command, 34, 36, 38
-u flag, 42
apt-get install command, 38
for package upgrades, 41
apt-get remove command, 39
apt-get source command, 40
apt-get update, 39
apt-proxy command, 49
apt-proxy.conf, 50
adding your package cache to, 51
asynchronous filesystems, 136
atomic commits, 318
authentication
authentication backends, 28
ntpkeys scheme for timeservers, 358
public-key authentication, 302
Samba servers, adding to, 457
smtp-auth on Postfix, 376-378
authenticating the Postfix server to other servers, 378
AuthName directive, 434
authoritative servers, 489
authorized_keys file, 306
Automachron sntp client, 351
automatic shutdown, 102
autotext, creating with Vim abbreviations, 79
awk, sorting capabilities, 104
B[ Top ]
backports, 40
backup and recovery, 277-300
hard disks compared to tapes, 277
Mondo Rescue (see Mondo Rescue)
rsync (see rsync)
tape backups, 277
backup servers,building with rsync, 281
bandwidth billing, 418
Bash prompt, customization for ssh, 312
binary-only drivers, 59
BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain), 487, 508-521
BIND entries, 371
building a secondary server, 518-520
checking syntax, 515
configuring a public DNS server, 515-518
load balancing, 520
local caching servers, 508-510
running a private server, 510-515
BitKeeper version control system, 318
boot partition and journaling filesystems, 138
boot process, 89, 90
Apache web server startup, 428
Debian boot disks, creating, 177
default runlevel, changing, 93
Red Hat boot disks, creating, 177
(see also bootloaders)
bootloaders, 199-228
boot partition, configuring, 210
chain loading, 199
dual-booting
Linux/Windows 95/98/ME, 214-216
Linux/Windows NT/2000/XP, 216
GRUB (see GRUB)
LILO (see LILO)
MBR (Master Boot Record), 199
backing up, 228
multiboot systems
Linux OSs, adding to, 206
preparation, 205-206
b+trees, 136
build commands, kernels, 165
2.6 version, 170
bunzip2, 53
bunzip2 archives, unpacking, 55
C[ Top ]
caching servers, 489, 499
BIND and, 508
DNS servers, Linux and Window client configuration, 500
separation from DNS servers, 499
cat command for reassembly of large files, 193
CD drive information, displaying, 63
CD-DA (Compact Disk Digital Audio) format, 196
CD/DVD recording, 179-198
audio CDs for CD players, recording, 196
bootable CDs, creating, 192
CD Recordable FAQ and DVD FAQ, 182
CD standards books, 181
CD-RW disks, lifespan of, 190
CD-RWs, erasing, 190
CDs/DVDs, copying, 188
data CDS, building file trees on, 187
data CDs, making, 185-187
data DVDs, recording, 194
filesystem standards, 180
hardware standards and formats, 180-182
large files, spanning over several CDs, 193
multisession data CDs, recording, 191
SCSI addresses, finding for CD/DVD writers, 182
SCSI emulation, enabling for IDE/ATAPI CD/DVD writers, 183
write options, 181
CD-R, CD-RW, and CD-ROM hardware standards, 180
.cdr format, conversion to CD audio, 196
cdrecord command, 183
blank option, 190
CD/DVD copying, 188
multisession options, 191
-scanbus option, 182
chain loading, 199
CheckInstall utility, 40, 56
checkout command, 327
chfn command, 109
chgrp command, 134
chkconfig utility, 97
chmod command, 134, 138-142
numeric notation, 138
chown command, 134, 142-143
batch operations using, 143
chroot jail, 337
ci -u command, 320
CIFS/SMB file sharing protocols, 448
Clam Anti-Virus scanner, 406-410
classes utility (CUPS), 251
co -l command, 320
col command, 11
command syntax, 3
commit -m command, 329
Common Unix Printing System (see CUPS)
compiling programs, system preparation, 52
config utility, 162
configuration files
amavisd.conf, 407, 408
bashrc, prompt customization for ssh, 312
.config file and kernels, 163-165
/courier/pop3d.cnf, 364
.cvsrc, 344
/etc/modules.conf, 184
/etc/fstab, 148-150
httpd.conf (see httpd.conf)
.joerc, 71
.joercprefs, 72
named root, 509
named.conf, 508, 511
ntp.conf, 348
adding access controls, 351
/postfix/main.cf, 363
Cyrus-SASL, enabling in, 373
mail checks, 400-402
managing unsolicited bulk email, 399
on Debian, 366
setting up virtual mailbox domains, 385
rsyncd.conf, 285
sshd_config, for X tunneling, 313
.vimrc, 81
XF86Config
editing, 261
XV86Config, 260
consoles, using with X Windows, 258-260
Content Negotiation, 442
content servers, 489
Content-language directives, 441
Core Development Tools, 53
Courier, maildirmake command, 384
Courier-IMAP, 364
configuration file, 364
cp command, 157
CPanel, 418
CPU information, displaying, 63
cron and crontab files, 102
CrossOver Office, 481-486
Ctrl-Alt-Delete command, 100
disabling or controlling access to, 101
Ctrl-Alt-Fn keyboard command, 258
CUPS (Common Unix Printing System), 9, 241-254
dedicated printer servers, building, 250
distributed printing with classes, 251
filters, 241
networking printers, 242
printer drivers, 241
CUPS (Common Unix Printing System) (continued )
printer shares over mixed LANs with Samba, 250
printers, installing on a Linux PC, 243-245
serving Linux clients, 246
troubleshooting, 253
users, restricting from printers and classes, 252
CVS, 318, 326-346
add subcommand with -kb flags, 340
with -kkv flags, 341
binary files, storage, 340
checkout command, 327
command syntax, 327
commit subcommand, 327
-m option, 329
compared to RCS, 328
configuring the working environment, 344
customizing, 344
cvs init command, 331
CVS Pservers, 337
mirroring, 339
security concerns, 338
CVSD init script, 533-535
cvsd utility, 337
installing from source, 337
diff subcommand, 336
environment variables, 344
log subcommand, 335
marking specific files as a set, 341
owner and group creation, 330
remove command, 329
repositories
accessing remotely, 332
adding new files to, 328
administration files for, creating, 331
anonymous read-only repositories, 337
deleting files from, 329
local single-user, creating, 326-328
mirroring, 339
shared, creating, 330
sharing between groups, 332
storage size, calculating, 345
retrieving old files from, 335
rtag subcommand, 343
sandbox, 327
stable and development project branches, creating, 342
status command, 329, 336
tags, 341
update command, 329
updating working files in a shared project, 334
file state codes, 334
working directory, 327
Cygwin, 315
Cyrus-SASL installation, 372
on Debian, 374
D[ Top ]
DAC (digital-to-analog converter), 257
daemontools, 496
DAO (disc-at-once) write option, 182
Debian, 34-51
apt-proxy.conf, 50
boot disks, creating, 177
building a local repository, 49
cvsd utility, 337
Cyrus-SASL, installing, 374
debianutils package
mkboot utility, 177
dependency conflicts, resolving, 47-48
download sites and vendors, 35
finding out what's installed, 44-46
getting software for, 35-37
initialization, 90
installing programs from non-Debian repositories, 40
loadable kernel modules, adding, 172
managing runlevels, 94
mirror sites, 36
mirrors, 36
packages, 35-51
installing, 38
installing from CD-ROMs, 37
maintaining package caches, 46
package names compared to RPM package names, 39
package search page, 35
removing, 39
resolving dependencies, 47-48
updating, 39
upgrading, 41
POP3 mail servers, building, 366
Courier, installing, 367
Postfix configuration, 366
postfix reload command, 367
testing, 368
releases, 34
codenames, 35
running a mixed system, 43
upgrading, 42
runlevels, 91
security updates, 37
source, installing from, 40
sources.list, editing, 36
text and graphical login runlevels, 95
timeservers, using with an intermittent connection, 355
user and group numbering, 105
users, sorting human from system, 104
dedicated servers, 418
delayed allocation, 137
deny/allow access rules, 432
dependencies, 14
failed dependencies, fixing, 24
resolving in Debian packages, 47-48
device names for storage disks, finding, 152-154
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), 487
dhcp clients, 492
adding static hosts to, 493
DHCP servers, 491
dig command, 354, 488
DNS servers, testing and querying, 522
Direct Rendering Infrastructure (see DRI)
directories, 155
copying, moving, and renaming, 157
share setup with setgid, sticky bit, 144
disk geometry, displaying, 63
disk partitions, creating with fdisk, 158-159
disk quotas, 129
display managers, 273
djbdns, 487
djbdns entries, 372
dnsip queries, 498
guilding a public DNS server, 502
installing, 496
local caching nameservers, running, 498-500
dmesg, 60-62
DNS (Domain Name System), 487
accredited domain name registrars, 495
anycast, 489
authoritative servers or content servers, 489
BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain), 487
blackhole lists, 403-405
caching DNS resolvers, 499
caching servers, 489
djbdns (see djbdns)
DNS servers, 494
testing and querying with dig and dnstrace, 522
glossary, 488
implementation, 487
private DNS servers, 510-515
root servers, 488
separation, DNS servers from caching servers, 499
dnscache-conf logfiles, 497
DNSRBLs (DNS blackhole lists), 404
dnstrace, 522
documentation, 1-13
distributions, included in, 2
graphical viewers, 2
info command (see info command and pages)
keyword searches, 4
man command (see man command and pages)
online resources, 2
programs, finding all documentation for, 11-13
Domain Name System (see DNS)
domain names, fully qualified, configuring, 379
domain wildcards, 429
dpkg command, 34, 40
querying features, 44-46
DRI (Direct Rendering Infrastructure), 257
3D hardware acceleration, enabling, 262
presence in kernel, verifying, 265
drive partition information, displaying, 65
drives, identifying, 63
DSO (Dynamic Shared Objects), 417
dual booting with Windows, 214-216
DVD FAQ, 182
DVD recording (see CD/DVD recording)
DVD video, recording, and writing hardware standards, 180
dvd+rw-tools homepage, 196
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (see DHCP)
Dynamic Shared Objects (DSO), 417
E[ Top ]
e2fsprogs package, 160
edquota command, 129
egrep command, 6
El Torito filesystem standard, 180
email (see mail)
errors and failed dependencies, 24
/etc/fstab configuration files, 148-150
automating mounting of filesystems on hard drives, 151
/etc/passwd files, vulnerability, 103
Evolution Connector, 398
Ext2 filesystem, 136
creating on new partitions, 159
Ext3 filesystem, 137
creating on new partitions, 159
extents, 136
external fragmentation, 136
F[ Top ]
failed dependencies error, 24
famd, 362
favicons, 443
fdisk, 65-67, 158-159
finding partitions using, 151
Fedora graphical login manager, 94
FHS (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard), 132
file attributes, 134
file permissions, 134
defaults, setting with umask, 145
setting, 138
file sharing
enabling on Windows PCs, 453-457
protocols, history of, 448
Samba (see Samba servers)
file types, 135
directory locations, 132
files
copying, moving and renaming, 157
creating, 155
large files, copying to multiple CDs, 193
permissions and ownership
Apache web servers, setting for, 423
changing, 142
CVS owner and group, creating, 330
SSH files, setting on, 316
filesystems, 132-138
asynchronous filesystems, 136
b+trees, 136
chown, 142
/etc/fstab, configuring with, 148-150
Ext3 filesystem, 137
extents, 136
external fragmentation, 136
FHS, 132
inodes, 136
internal fragmentation, 136
internals, 135
JFS filesystem, 137
journaling filesystems, 136
Linux file types, 133
logical blocks, 135
logical volumes, 135
metadata, 136
mount command, 147
mounting and unmounting on hard drives, 151
new partitions, creating on, 159
partitioning criteria and, 133
ReiserFS filesystem, 137
required elements, Linux filesystem, 132
umount command, 147
XFS filesystem, 137
find command, 54
and batch file ownership changes, 143
for verifying ownership changes, 110
finddoc script, 11-13
Foomatic, 242
FreshRPMs, 29
fsck command, 136
fstab command, 152-154
G[ Top ]
gcc program, 53
gdm, 96
GECOS data, 107
modifying, 109
getty, 259
Gimp-Print, 242
GNU
Arch version control system, 318
binutils, 53
coreutils, 53
tar, 53
Google, 526
GPU (graphics processing unit), 258
Grand Unified Bootloader (see GRUB)
graphical user interfaces (see GUIs)
graphical viewers, 2
grep command, 54
groff command, 7
groupadd command, 114
groupdel command, 114
groups, 103
adding and deleting members, 116
batch addition of users to, 125
groupware, 398
growisofs utility, 194
grpck command, 118
grpquota partition, 129
GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader), 199
boot menu, creating, 211
boot parameters, discovering from the command shell, 208-210
installing
grub-install script, 204
without a floppy, 202-204
LILO, migration from, 200-202
locking individual GRUB menu entries, 219
menu.lst, customizing, 212-214
new kernels adding, 164
password protecting system files, 218
restoring to the MBR with Knoppix, 217
splash images, creating, 220
Gtypist, 69
GUIs (graphical user interfaces)
version identification, 255
X Window System (see X Window System)
Xnets, 274-276
X.org (see X.org)
gunzip, 53
H[ Top ]
halt command, 100
hard drive capacity, calculating, 66
hard links, 135
hardware, 58-67
binary-only drivers, 59
CD/DVD standards and formats, 180-182
dmesg, hardware detection using, 60-62
finding device names for mount and fstab, 152-154
HCLs (hardware compatibility lists), 58
lspci, detecting with, 59
PCI devices, detecting, 59
/proc, hardware snapshots using, 62-65
Haugh, Julianne Frances, 103
:help command (Vim), 87
host-keys, 302
authentication, 302
generating, 304
storage, 303
hosts files, 487, 490
httpd binary (Apache web servers), 424
httpd.conf
LogFormat directives, 431
Rewrite directives, 427
VirtualHost directives, 429
VirtualHosts logfiles, 431
I[ Top ]
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), 488
ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers), 488
accredited domain name registrars, 495
id command, 106
IDE devices
driver versions, displaying, 63
hard drive data, displaying, 63
listing, 61
ide-scsi pseudo-device driver, 184
IMAP (Interactive Message Access Protocol), 361
IMAP folders, sharing, 383
IMAP mail servers, building and testing, 380
info command and pages, 1, 8
printing info pages, 10
selective printing, 11
init, 89
runlevels, changing with, 92
init script, CVSD, 533-535
initialization scripts, 89
initrd image, creating, 176
inittab file, default runlevels, 93
inodes, 136
int 0 command, 100
internal fragmentation, 136
Internet Explorer, security issues, 397, 435
Internet mail (see mail)
ipconfig, 494
ISA devices, listing, 61
ISO-9660 filesystem standard, 181
ISPs (Internet Service Providers) Terms of Service, 371
J[ Top ]
JFS filesystem, 137
creating on new partitions, 160
jfsutils package, 160
JOE (Joe's Own Editor), 70-77
commands, 70
copying between two files, 73
customizing, 71-74
emulation modes, 70
example, source code install, 55
opening two windows in, 73
searching and replacing, 74
.joerc file, 71
.joercprefs file, 72
Joliet filesystem standard, 181
journaling filesystems, 136
K[ Top ]
K3b, 179
kdm, 96
kerneld, 172
kernels, 161-178
2.4 version, 163-169
adding features to, 163-167
finding SCSI address CD and DVD writers, 182
IDE/ATAPI CD and DVD writers, 183
latest stable version, upgrading to, 169
removing unnecessary files, 167
2.6 version
building, 170
CD/DVD drives, 179
new features, adding, 171
xconfig and, 162
build commands, 165
.config file, 163-165
config utility, 162
configuring, 162
initrd image, creating, 176
kernel build tree, 162
kernel maintainers, 174
kernel sources, 161
kernel sources and /usr/src/linux, 165
menuconfig utility, 162
modification, 161
multiple versions on one system, 165
new loadable kernel modules, adding, 172
patches, removing, 175
patching, 173-175
patch options, 174
typical size, 168
upgrading
2.4 to 2.6 and boot errors, 179
xconfig, 162
keychain, 310
keyword searches, command documentation, 4
kmod utility, 172
Knoppix, boot loader restoration using, 217
Konqueror, 2
L[ Top ]
language specific pages, serving through content negotiation, 441
LILO (Linux Loader), 199
boot diskette, creating, 226
booting with, 221-224
GRUB, migration to, 199-202
journaling filesystems and, 138
multiboot systems using for, 224
multibooting Windows and Linux, 225
new kernels adding, 164
password-protection, 227
links, 135
Linux
available mail clients, 382
books and magazines, 527
boot process, 90
clients and caching DNS servers, 500
Core Development Tools, 53
default runlevel, changing, 93
file types, 133
HCLs (hardware compatibility lists), 58
manual configuration of startup services, 98
online resources, 525
hardware, 528
rebooting, 100
runlevels, 90
changing, 91
security vulnerabilities, 396
shutdown, 100
automating, 102
starting and stopping, 89-102
init, 89
Usenet groups, 526
video adapters, compatibility of, 256
video, configuring (see video configuration)
X Windows, 94
Linux Disk Quota package, 129
Linux Loader (see LILO)
ln command, 98
local caching name servers, running with BIND, 508-510
locate command, 6
logfiles for VirtualHosts on Apache, 430
logging out, ssh-agent shutdown, 311
logical blocks, 135
logical volumes, 135
logins
display manager, changing, 273
passwordless for cron jobs, 311
using keychain, 310
using ssh-agent, 308
lpr command, 10
lsmod command, 264
lspci command, 59, 266
M[ Top ]
MAC (Media Access Control) addresses, 494
mail, 361-394
clients, required connection information, 382
protocols, 361
ports for, 362
receiving, 371
sending, 370
servers, 361-394
configuring fully qualified domain names, 379
enabling user connections, 382
groupware/email servers, 384
IMAP folders, sharing, 383
IMAP mail servers, building and testing, 380
Postfix mail servers (see Postfix mail servers)
security (see security)
SMTP response codes and commands, 392-394
webmail, 391
whitelists, 402
mail transfer agents (MTAs), 361
maildirmake command, 384
make, 53
2.6 version kernel builds, 170
kernel builds, 165
make uninstall command, 55
malware, 395
man command and pages, 1
command syntax, 3
-f switch, 5
finding, 4
-Hmozilla option, 9
lost man pages, finding, 5
man -k, 4
manpath, configuring, 7
organization, 2-4
printing man pages, 9
selective printing, 11
reading without a viewer, 6
rebuilding the man database, 6
-t option, 9
Mandrake graphical login manager, 94
manpath command, 8
map command (Vim), 80
marks command (Vim), 83
mass_passwd script, 118, 121-124, 125
mass_useradd script, 118, 119-121
MBR (Master Boot Record), 90, 199
backing up, 228
GRUB boot loader, restoring with Knoppix, 217
MDA (mail delivery agent), 361
meminfo, 63
memory and swap information, displaying, 63
menuconfig utility, 162
metadata, 136
Microsoft file types, 530-532
mime_header_checks, 405
mkboot utility, 177
mkdir command, 155
mkinitrd command, 176
mkisofs utility, 185
bootable CDs, making with, 192
-graft-points option, 188
growisofs frontend, 195
multisession options, 191
modeless editors, 69
Mondo Rescue, 277, 293-300
backups, verifying, 296
bootable system restore CDs, creating, 293-295
bootable system restore DVDs, creating, 296
cloning Linux systems, 298
mindi-kernel, using for "sane" backups, 298
Mondo disks, 299
selected file restores, 300
system restores from, 299
monitoring a system in real time, 62
Monotone version control system, 318
Moolenaar, Bram, 78
mount command, 147
CD/DVD writers mounting, 186
filesystems on hard drives, 151
finding device names for storage disks, 152-154
Mount Ranier ReWrite hardware standard, 180
Mozilla, 398
mp3 format, 198
conversion to CD audio, 196
mpg123 utility, 197
MPMs (multiprocessing modules), 416
PerChild MPM (Apache 2.0), 417
MTAs (mail transfer agents), 361
MUA (mail user agent), 361
multiboot systems with GRUB, 205-206
Linux OSs, adding to, 206
Windows 95/98/ME, adding to, 214-216
Windows NT/2000/XP, adding to, 216
multiboot systems with LILO, 224
Windows and Linux, 225
multi-monitor displays, configuring, 266
multiprocessing modules (MPMs), 416
multisession write option, 182
mv command, 157
N[ Top ]
name resolution, 487-524
DNS (see DNS)
hosts files, 487
enabling local resolution with, 489
named, 510
named.conf file, 508, 511
named.root file, 509
NetBEUI (NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface), 449
NetBIOS (Network Basic Input Output System), 448
netGo, 493
netsync protocol, 318
network printers, sharing, 242, 246
over mixed LANS with Samba, 250
troubleshooting, 253
users, restricting, 252
Windows clients without Samba, 249
without name resolution, 247
nobody user, 116
Novell Evolution, 398
nroff command, 6
NTFS filesystem, write access, 152
ntp (Network Time Protocol), 347-360
ntp pools, 353
classes, 353
dig command, 354
pinging timeservers, 354
traceroute, 354
ntp.conf configuration file, 348
ntp.conf file, controlling timeserver access with, 351
configuration options, 352
ntpd (Network Time Protocol daemon)
restart command and, 356
ntpkeys authentication scheme, 358
(see also timeservers)
ntp-keygen flags, 359
null-passphrase keys, 311
numeric notation for file permissions, 138
O[ Top ]
ogg-vorbis format, 197
conversion to CD audio, 196
oldconfig command, 171
online resources, 525
hardware, 528
Open Relay Database, 404
OpenSSH, 301-316
CVS repositories, remote access, 332
encryption and authentication, 301
first-time setup, 302-304
host-keys, 302
authentication, 302
generating, 304
storage, 303
keys, copying to authorized_keys file, 306
logins
in to remote machines, 303
passwordless for cron jobs, 311
using keychain, 310
private keys, 301
public keys, 302
public-key authentication, 302, 305
ssh-agent, 308
shutdown at logout, 311
sshd, 301
starting and stopping, 302
using multiple key pairs, 307
using on Windows PCs, 314
X, tunneling over SSH, 313
(see also SSH)
openssl s_client, 369
Orange Book, 181
$origin directive, 512
Oualline, Steve, 78
Outlook and Outlook Express, security concerns, 397
ownership of files, changing, 142
P[ Top ]
packages
Apache web servers, documentation for, 425
creating from source code, 56
Debian (see Debian, packages)
upgrades using apt-get install command, 41
(see also RPM)
partitions, 200
boot partition configuration, 210
fdisk, creating with, 158-159
filesystems, creating on, 159
information, displaying, 65
passwd command, 113
-e option, 107
passwd file, vulnerability, 103
passwords
managing, 113
mass changing of, 124
password file integrity, checking, 117
patches for kernels, installing, 173
PCI bus, displaying connected devices, 59
PerChild MPM (Apache 2.0), 417
Pinfo, 2
ping, 50
measuring timeserver distance with, 354
PLD (Polished Linux Distribution), 16
Polished Linux Distribution (PLD), 16
pool.ntp.org, 349
POP (Post Office Protocol), 361
POP3 mail servers, 362-370
building, 362-368
Courier-Imap, installing, 364
on Debian, 366
Postfix, installing, 363
smtp daemon, verifying operation, 364
common commands, 370
testing, 368
smtp with telnet and openssl s_client, 368
TLS/SSL support, 369
unencrypted POP3 with telnet, 368
Postfix mail servers, 361-394
authentication to other servers with smtp-auth, 378
Clam Anti-Virus scanner, 406-410
configuration file, 363
enabling SASL, 373
couriermlm mailing lists, 387-390
administration, 389
creating, 387-389
Cyrus-SASL installation, 372
verifying support, 373
database file formats, 403
DNS blackhole lists, 403-405
installing, 363
Internet mail
sending, 370
Internet mail, recieving, 371
log files, 399
messages with attachments, rejecting, 405
mime_header_checks, 405
POP3 mail servers (see POP3 mail servers)
root and postmaster alias files and database, 363
SASL libraries, 373
smtp daemon verification, 364
smtpd_sender_restriction directive, 402
SpamAssasin, setup, 410-414
using amavisd-new, 410
starting, 364
UBE (unsolicited bulk email) controls, 398-402
basic configurations, 399-402
user authentication with smtp-auth, 376-378
virtual mailbox domains, 385-387
(see also mail servers)
(see also security)
/postfix/main.cf
mail checks, 400-402
managing unsolicited bulk email, 399
poweroff command, 100
ppid, 89
pre (pre-release candidate) patches, 174
Prefork MPM (Apache 1.3), 416
printers
finding drivers for, 242
installing, 243-245
sharing over networks, 242, 246
mixed LANS with Samba, 250
serving Windows clients without Samba, 249
troubleshooting, 253
users, restricting, 252
without name resolution, 247
(see also CUPS)
private keys, 301
changing, 305
/proc, 62-65
cat utilities and, 65
program installation, 55
ps command, finding a user's processes, 111
Pservers, 337
mirroring, 339
using to build read-only CVS repositories, 337
pts, 260
public DNS servers, 494
building with tinydns, 502
public keys, 302
public web servers, 425
public-key authentication, 302, 305
PuTTY, 315
pwck command, 117
Python finddoc script, 11-13
Q[ Top ]
quota command, 129
quotacheck command, 129
R[ Top ]
RAMDAC (Random Access Memory digital-to-analog converter), 257
rc (release candidate) patches, 174
RCS (Revision Control System), 318, 319-326
, v (comma v) suffix, 320
building simple local repositories, 319-321
checking out and checking in files, 320
comments, 321
displaying files without checking out, 322
file versions, comparing, 322-323
file comparison symbols, 323
managing system configuration files, 324-326
preserving working copies, 322
retrieving older file revisions, 321
rlog command, 321
working and RCS directories, 319
rcsdiff command, 322
Red Book, 181
Red Hat
boot disks, creating, 177
graphical login manager, 94
groupadd command, 114
initialization, 90
loadable kernel modules, adding, 172
runlevels, 91
managing, 97
user and group numbering, 105
users, sorting human from system, 104
(see also RPM)
redhat-config-xfree utility, 260
Regional Internet registries, 488
ReiserFS filesystem, 137
creating on new partitions, 159
reiserfsprogs package, 160
remote access, 301-316
OpenSSH (see OpenSSH)
scp, 301
sftp, 301
ssh, 301
SSH (Secure Shell) protocol, 301
SSH-2, 301
remote X sessions, security of, 314
removable media, mounting and unmounting, 147
remove command, 329
repetitious typing, reduction with Vim autotext, 79
repquota command, 129
restart command used with ntpd, 356
Rewrite directives, 427
RJOE, 70
rjpm command, 16
rlog command, 321
rm command, 155
rmdir command, 156
robots.txt file, 436
Rock Ridge filesystem standard, 181
root privileges
su command, 126
sudo command, 127-129
rpm command, 15
-e option, 17
-h option, 16
-i option, 15
--initdb option, 21
--last option, 21
-p switch, 20
-q options, 18
--rebuilddb option, 21
--replacepkgs option, 24
--test option, 16
-U flag, 16
(see also RPM (Red Hat Package Manager))
RPM (Red Hat Package Manager), 14-33
CheckInstall utility, 16
dependencies, breaking, 17
dependencies, verifying, 25
dependency resolvers, 15
information, collecting from uninstalled packages, 20
information, collecting on installed packages, 18-20
installation problems, fixing, 24
installing packages, 15
public RPM archives, 25
rebuilding the RPM database, 21
recently installed packages, finding, 21
removing packages, 17
"RPM hell", 15
rpm queries that follow symlinks, 19
rpmbuild package, 26
rpm-orphan-find script, 22-24
source packages, installing, 25
customizing build options, 26
source-built libraries, tracking, 22-24
upgrading packages, 16
(see also rpm command)
RSA key pair generation, 306
rsync, 277-293
anonymous public rsync servers, building, 285
automating over ssh backups, 288
-av flag, 280
backup servers, building, 281
command options, 283
configuration files, 285
creating a message of the day, 291
customizing filepaths, 290
--cvs-exclude option, 340
daemon, launching at startup, 286
--delete flag, 280
fine-tuning file selection, 287
limiting bandwidth requirements, 289
local file transfers and synchronization, 278-280
Pservers, mirroriing over SSH, 339
rsync modules, securing, 284
secure transfers with ssh, 280
synchronizing tinydns servers, 507
Windows clients, installing on, 290
runlevels, 90
changing after boot, 91
changing default runlevel, 93
Debian, managing in, 94, 95
Red Hat, managing in, 97
S[ Top ]
Samba servers, 447-486
adding authentication to, 457
anonymous file servers, building for Windows, 449-452
batch conversion of system users ot Samba users, 458
controlling share access with access control lists, 461
CrossOver Office, running Windows applications with, 481-486
enabling users' home directory access, 463
Linux clients, connecting, 471-478
to file servers or peer networks, 471-474
to Samba domains via command-line tools, 477
to Samba domains via GUI LAN browsers, 476
to Samba workgroups via command-line tools, 474
Linux clients, sharing Windows printers with, 480
logins from Windows 95/98/ME, 460
passwords, Samba and Linux, syncing, 478
passwords, Windows, handling encrypted and non-encrypted, 460
primary domain controllers, building, 464-467
public shares for users, creating, 462
roaming profiles, enabling, 470
Samba versions 2.x and 3.x, compared, 447
Windows clients, connecting to Samba domains, 467-470
95/98/ME, 467
NT/2000, 468
XP, 469
Windows clients, sharing Linux printers with, 479
Windows/Linux peer networks, building, 452
SAO (session-at-once) write option, 182
Sarge, 34
sources.list, 36
SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer), 362
scp, 301
SCSI addresses, finding for CD/DVD writers, 182
SCSI device information, displaying, 64
SCSI devices, listing, 61
SCSI emulation, enabling for IDE/ATAPI CD/DVD writers, 183
search engines, controlling server access by, 436-437
security, 103, 395-414
amavisd-new, 406
Clam Anti-Virus scanner, 406-410
Debian, updates for, 37
defense checklist, 397
DNS blackhole lists, 403-405
fundamental precautions, 396
GRUB, locking users from menu entries, 219
GRUB password protection, 218
incoming mail, applying restrictions, 395
LILO, password-protection of, 227
messages with attachments, rejecting, 405
nobody user, risk mitigation, 116
ntp exploits, preventing, 358
SpamAssasin, installing on Postfix, 410-414
SSL, 435
UBE (unsolicited bulk email) controls, 398-402
basic configurations, 399-402
whitelists, creating, 402
Windows hosts, modification, 397
ServerLayouts, 268-272
choosing among at startup, 268-271
setting a default, 271
services
manual start and stop, 99
prioritization, 90
startup services, manually configuring, 98
sessions, 191
session write option, 181
switching between console and X Windows sessions, 258-260
VIM, 84
setgid, 144
setuid, security problems with, 144
sftp, 301
Shadow Suite, 103
shared servers, 418
shutdown, 100
automating, 102
Sid, 34
sources.list, 36
Slackware
graphical login manager, 94
initialization, 90
runlevels, 91
users, sorting human from system, 104
slay program, 111
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 361
response codes and commands, 392-394
smtp-auth, 372
authenticating Postfix servers to other servers, 378
user authentication on Postfix, 376-378
smtpd_recipient_restrictions directive, 404
SOA (Start of Authority), 513
soft links, 135
software installation
RPM-based systems (see RPM)
source-built systems, 14
source code
creating packages from
CheckInstall, using, 56
generating file lists for easy uninstalls, 54
installing from on Debian, 40
installing programs from, 55
programs, installing from, 52-57
system preparation, 52
sox command, 196
-h option, 197
spam prevention with DNS blackhole lists, 403-405
SpamAssasin, setting up on Postfix, 410-414
amavisd-new, using, 410
Spamhaus and Spamcop, 404
SPEWS (Spam Prevention Early Warning System), 404
split utility, 193
Squirrelmail, 391
SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), 258
SRPM (source RPM), 25
ssh, 277, 301
Bash prompt, customizing for, 312
secure file transfers over rsync, 280
SSH (Secure Shell) protocol, 301
file permissions, setting, 316
X, tunneling over SSH, 313
(see also OpenSSH)
ssh-agent, 308
shutdown at logout, 311
sshd, 301
starting and stopping, 302
ssh-keygen command, 304
startup services, manually configuring, 98
startx command, 94
configuring, 272
opening additional X sessions, 258
status command, 329
su command, 126
Subversion version control system, 318
sudo command, 127-129
supermount command, 195
SuSE
graphical login manager, 94
loadable kernel modules, adding, 172
SuSE OpenExchange, 398
users, sorting human from system, 104
symlinks, 90
system-config-network graphical configuration tool, 493
system-config-xfree utility, 260
T[ Top ]
TAO (track-at-once) write option, 182
tape backups, 277
tdfx module, 264
telinit, 92
Terms of Servic (TOS), 371
text editors, 68-88
default editor, setting, 86
Emacs, 68
Joe (see Joe)
vi and clones, 69
Vim (see Vim)
third-party modules, installation, 172
timeservers, 347-360
access controls adding, 351
iptables,using, 352
ntp.conf, using, 351
clients, connecting to a local timeserver, 350
Windows clients, 351
connecting over an intermittent connection, 355
Debian, utilities required for, 349
etiquette, 347
identifying connected time servers, 348
local time servers, building, 348
multiple local timeservers, setting up, 357
ntp.conf files for local servers, 357
ntp (Network Time Protocol), 347
ntp pools, choosing, 353
classes, 353
dig command, 354
pinging timeservers, 354
traceroute, 354
ntp rpm versus xntp, 349
ntp.conf configuration file, 348
ntpd (Network Time Protocol daemon), 347, 349
ntpdate, 348
compared to ntpd, 347, 349
ntpkeys authentication scheme, 358
ntpq command, 348
pool.ntp.org, 349
public time servers, 348
time-to-live values, 513
tinydns, 502-507
building a private server, 505
building a public DNS server, 502-505
load balancing, enabling, 506
synchronizing with a second tinydns server, 507
testing a tinydns server, 521
tinydns-conf logfiles, 497
TLS (Transport Layer Security), 362
TOS (Terms of Service), 371
touch command, 155
traceroute, 50
measuring timeserver distance with, 354
track write option, 181
tty command, 259
tty (virtual consoles), 258-260
type map files, 440
typing tutor utility (Gtypist), 69
U[ Top ]
UBE (unsolicited bulk email) controls for Postfix, 398-402
basic configurations, 399-402
UDF (Universal Disk Format) filesystem standard, 180
UID (user identification), 104
batch change of file ownership using, 143
changing without affecting login name, 109
umask, 145
umount command, 147
"device is busy" error, 148
uname command, 164, 167
uninstalling source built programs, 55
update command, 329
working files in a shared project, 334
update-rc.d command, 95
URLs (Uniform Resource Locators)
this book, xxii
USB devices, listing, 61
uscpi-tcp, 496
Usenet groups, 526
hardware, 529
useradd command, 103, 106
performance in scripts, 107
system users, creating with, 115
userdel command, 110
UserDir-type web sites, 427, 432
password-protecting, 433
usermod command, 109
users, managing, 103
adding users, 106-108
batch addition of new users, 118-124
batch addition of users to groups, 125
deleting users, 110
disabling accounts, 112
re-enabling, 112
disk quotas, 129
granting of root permissions, 127-129
group members, adding and deleting, 116
groups, adding, 114
groups, deleting, 114
killing user processes, 111
password management, 113
passwords, changing en masse, 124
sorting human from system users, 104
system groups, creating, 116
system users, creating, 115
user accounts, modifying, 109
owned files outside the home directory, 109
potential impacts, 110
user's UID and GID, finding, 105
/usr/source/linux and kernel sources, 165
usrquota partition, 129
V[ Top ]
:version command (Vim), 87
version control systems, 317-346
atomic commits, 318
commercial systems, 318
CVS system (see CVS)
free open source systems, 317
RCS system (see RCS)
uses, 317
vi text editor and clones, 69
(see also Vim)
video configuration, 255-276
login display manager, changing, 273
multi-monitor displays, 266
running multiple window managers with Xnest, 274-276
startx, 272
video acceleration hardware, 257, 262-265
enabling, 262
troubleshooting, 264
video adapters
installing, 260
Linux compatiblility, 256
video cards, 256
drivers, 257
X Window System version, determining, 255
XF86Config file, 260
locating, 263
XF86Config fle
editing, 261
Vim, 69, 77-85, 87
autotext, creating with abbreviations, 79
commands, mapping to keystrokes, 79
compile-time options, 87
customizing, 81
editing modes, 69
:help command, 87
learning, 77
navigation using marks, 83
stored sessions, using, 84
:version command, 87
.vimrc file, 81
vimtutor command, 77
virtual consoles (tty), 258
virtual hosting, 429
logfiles for, 430
virtual mailbox domains, 385
creating user logins in Courier, 386
VirtualHost directives (Apache), 429-432
virus prevention using Clam Anti-Virus scanner, 406-410
visudo utility, 127
vmlinuz, 168
W[ Top ]
.wav format, 197
conversion to CD audio, 196
web browsers, 398
with Digest authentication support, 435
web crawlers, controlling server access by, 436-437
web hosting, 417
dead links, preventing, 426
user directories, setting up, 427
Web Hosting Talk forums, 418
web servers (see Apache web servers)
Webalizer, 444-446
webmail, 391
whereis -m command, 5
whitelists, 402
Windows
anonymous Samba file servers and, 449-452
clients and caching DNS servers, 500
dhcp client configuration, 492
file sharing, enabling, 453-457
Microsoft file types, 530-532
OpenSSH, running on, 314
peer networks with Linux, building, 452
printer networking without Samba, 249
Samba domains, connecting to, 467-470
95/98/ME, 467
NT/2000, 468
XP, 469
security, improving, 395, 397
sharing Windows printers with Linux clients, 480
spam proliferation and, 404
static hosts, adding to dhcp, 493
timeserver clients for, 351
using Linux printers over Samba, 479
Windows applications, running on Linux, 481-486
winipcfg, 494
Woody, 34
sources.list, 36
Worker MPM (Apache 2.0), 416
X[ Top ]
X utilities, 260
X Window System, 255
consoles, using with, 258-260
SSH, tunneling over, 313
starting and stopping sessions, 94
terminology, 255
version, determining, 255
xconfig utility, 162
xdm, 96
XF86Config file, 260
editing, 261
for multihead display, 266
hardware video acceleration, 262
locating, 263
multiple ServerLayouts, 269
ServerFlags, 271
xf86config utility, 261
XFdrake utility, 260
XFree86 utility, 261
3D hardware acceleration, enabling with DRI, 262
XFS filesystem, 137
XFS filesystems
creating on new partitions, 160
xfsprogs package, 160
Xinerama, 266
xinetd services, 97
Xnest, 274-276
X.org windowing system, 255
Y[ Top ]
Yellow Book, 181
Yelp, 2
Yum (Yellow Dog Updater, Modified), 28-33
changing download sources, 29
clean options, 32
configuring, 29
GPG keys, 28
installed packages, retrieving information about, 31
installing, 28
maintaining, 32
mirrors, 29
packages, installing and upgrading, 30
packages, removing, 31
querying commands, 32
Z[ Top ]
zcat command, 6
zless command, 6
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